IMPAIRMENT NEURAL DEVELOPMENTS AND SYMPTOMS OF AUTISM...

Autism spectrum disorders are a common neural developmental brain condition (Cheng et al., 2010). It does not have unifying neurobiological or pathological etiology (Geschwind Levitt, 2007) .It characterized by impaired social interaction and communication skills and restricted repetitive behavior (Johnson Myers, 2007). Medical condition such as mental retardation, chromosomal anomalies and seizures are often appear with autism (Casanova, 2007). During first 3 years of childhood, these major symptoms are revealed (Casanova, 2007). Autism is one of three recognized condition and the other two know as Asperger’s syndrome (Levy, Mandell, Schultz, 2009). There are also secondary symptoms that may not be shown in individual with autism†¦show more content†¦During the gestation period 20 to 24 days after conception, the embryo motor neurons of cranial nerve that are responsible for eye, face, ears and tongue muscles are injured (Rodier, 2000). In addition, autism indi viduals’ family histories have been reported with immunological disorders, though its relevance to autism is still unknown (Johnson Myers, 2007). Furthermore, parental exposure to some environmental agents may cause disruption of neural development (Rodier, 2004). Neurotoxicants such as ethanol, thalidomide and isotretinoin have been reported to cause autism in a child if his mother was exposed to these neurotoxicants during pregnancy (Rodier, 2000). Furthermore, the neurotoxicants exposure causes genetic mutation in the embryo (Rodier, 2004). Genetic epidemiological studies on twins showed that there is heritable factor involve in the condition occurrence (Casanova, 2007). Hence, embryo neural development is very critical time in autism existence. Brain pathophysiology show different structure size in autism individual comparing to normal individual. Corpus callosum is involved in communication of information between the bi-hemispheric regions of the brain and it has been shown that its size is involved in individual with autism (Alexander et al., 2006). Thinning Corpus callosum was noticed in autism children (Alexander et al., 2006). Likewise, postmortem studies show thinning in Corpus callosum in autism patient. Geschwind and Levitt (2007)

Slavery has been in the United States early as 1619 Free Essays

Slavery has been in the United States early as 1619. Slaves were brought to America for one thing and one thing only, money. Tobacco took a great amount of work to harvest, but with the slaves help it all got completed. We will write a custom essay sample on Slavery has been in the United States early as 1619 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Slaves cost at least three more times than a regular servant for the reason that slavery was their life, it was their job. Regular servants finished their ‘slavery’ time in about 4 years. Slavery really got across the whole country as time passed, and in 1670 the crop, tobacco, took over the nation. In fact, slavery didn’t really come into play in the laws until the 1660s. In the early 1680s Virginia wanted to alter what a slave was, earlier defined by the House of Burgess. The Europeans saw African Americans as human beings, but their actions towards them did not say the same. Slaves that used to be put to work while on the ships did not appreciate it at all. Almost 15% of the slaves on the ship die on their way to a destination due to no food or by just being sick. The ship was so small sometimes that the slaves had to be on top of each other. The owners of the ships tried to get as many slaves on the ships as possible so when they got to their destination they would sell the excess slaves. Since Africa had so many in it, that was the usual target to get slaves and bring them back to the land. By the early 1700s African Americans took over one fifth of the population in America. With the large number of slaves being introduced into the colonies they had a great impact on the economy and in reshaping the population as a whole. The Africans brought their expertise of travel, planting and hunting to the new world. The African dugout canoe became the chief means of transportation in the colonies. This expertise from the Africans contributed greatly to the prosperity of South Carolina. Many slaves had their own gardens that they could tend to when they were not working. On Sundays slave holders usually gave the slaves the day off as the day of the Sabbath. It was on this day most slaves would tend to their garden, hunt, or fish. The slaves who were experienced could often complete their tasks in the early afternoon. With the growing rate of slavery, many slaves contemplated the idea of running away to try and gain their freedom. In 1693 Florida, which at that point was still part of Spain, granted the runaways that freedom stating if the runaways would convert to Catholicism they would be granted freedom. Since South Carolina was so close to Florida many slaves ran away and took advantage of this offer. In 1708 enslaved Indians composed as much as fourteen percent of South Carolina’s population. Why not more? Why did the colonists need to bring Africans over to the Americas when so many Indians already here? Indians posed a difficulty. Indians by and large remained free because they resisted and were difficult to control. Indians who were slaves were able to escape and not be caught, for unlike the Africans and the landowners, Indians could escape into the countryside, which they new intimately. Slavery was brutal; whipping occurred frequently and usually occurred in a public setting as an example to others. The work was backbreaking and conditions were not less than ideal. In 1712 the blacks had a rebellion in New York City, which lasted only one evening. But in 1739 in South Carolina the Stono Rebellion lasted several days. In both incidents many blacks lost their lives. The hopes of setting captured blacks free didn’t happen. In 1731 a law was put on the books prohibiting Africans from owning or possessing a gun and also fined owners for letting slaves wander at night alone. Running away, work resistance and revolution became the most common form of African resistance to slavery and helped to build a bond in the community as a whole. Slavery in the early colonies turned from Africans being able to earn their freedom to being treated brutally. Without the expertise from the Africans, the early American colonies would not have flourished as they did. Escaping slavery – the central form of labor both in the North and the South for several centuries – became the main aim for the African Americans of the time. Later, with the times of the Revolution the concept of the full citizenship was born in the minds of those who fought for freedom. The first goal – the abolition of slavery – was officially ratified in 1863, while the second – the granting of the citizenship – was documented only five years later. In reality, the fight for the real freedom and equality had just begun. The end of Reconstruction in 1877 signified the return to the inequality and racial prejudice, making basis for the later emergence of the Civil Rights Movement that signified further notion of freedom for the African Americans. The fight for slavery abolition resulted in the emancipation of the huge portion of the American inhabitants and the change of attitude to humans that are all â€Å"born free and equal†, according to the basic principles of the U. S. Constitution. The abolition of slavery was a dream for the African Americans that were brought to the America as slaves or born into it for many generations. Slavery in the United States was forced by enormous economic challenges, backed by country official legislation and the connivance of the church. The United States were destined to realize the meaning and the price of freedom largely due to the African Americans’ active fight for their basic human and civil rights. Thousands of people were depleted of their basic freedoms and dignity due to the difference in color and status. The change of this status that officially began in the late nineteenth century, lead not only to the transformation of the perception of the equality and freedom of the African Americans – it has forced a change in attitude to women’s rights, leading to women suffrage and further emancipation, making strong basis for the further acknowledgement of gender, racial, disability and sexual orientation equalities. Ever since the Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution guarantees that â€Å"the right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude†1, the African Americans fight for the rights gave a chance to the real, unconditional freedom in the land of the free. This goal lead to further development of the civil rights movement, resulting in the acknowledgement of the document that would enable more equality despite gender, race, color, disability or religious belief. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 that extended voting rights and outlawed racial segregation in schools, at the workplace and in public accommodations, was another victory of the African American ancestors that fought for freedom back in the nineteenth century. It would be wrong to claim the fight for the equality is over, because even almost half a century later, practical issues of discrimination remain, although these cases are incomparably fewer than back into the times of the formation of the United States. The civil rights movement achieved impressive results in the fight for equality and it is important to study the African American History as it apparently constituted an impressive part of the history of the United States, starting from the early colonial days to the current events. The African American History has also formed the basic principles of the human coexistence within the country, creating the key laws on human rights and freedoms of the United States of America, which will surely determine the future of the nation. How to cite Slavery has been in the United States early as 1619, Papers

Symbolism in the Hunger Games Essay Example For Students

Symbolism in the Hunger Games Essay Films have many ways to show symbolism. Through those ways viewers can see the meaning of why or how aspects in movies are the way they are. The true meaning of symbolism is the use of other signs to represent or mean another idea or quality. One film that does a good job of using symbolism is the 2012 film The Hunger Games. In this film the director, Gary Ross, demonstrates and portrays symbolism throughout the whole film wisely. Identifying symbolism can be tricky task because viewers tend to get so caught up in the plot of the movie that the important aspects that make a film unique get taken for granted. When coming down to film, only a couple of symbols should be quite rare and not so noticeable. But they are present and if identified, these symbols can be a big part of what a director is trying to get through the minds of his or her viewers. But, a huge aspect of a symbol at the beginning of a movie is that the symbol foreshadows something that appears later in the film towards the climax. When coming down to the Hunger Games, the games themselves are an allegory of government control and what is going on in the actual world today. The actual games show many ways that the government is only controlling the country. Whether in the actual games or outside them. The capitol claims that selecting kids for a reaping of the games is a good thing, but ultimately, the reaping is not. The kids are thrown into an arena, for the satisfaction of the government capitol and are told to execute each other until only one is standing. This shows that the capitol is trying to get through to the citizens in the out lying and poor districts that they have a firm grasp on whatever they do. Therefore, controlling the districts. Clearly the main source of power in the world of Panem is the capitol. The government controls the country because the government holds all the country’s wealth. Because of this, The Hunger Games are the biggest display of the government’s power and were designed to warn the world against rebellion that was in the present. Instead of realizing that they are the puppets of the capitol and rebelling, the government makes them hate each other and fight amongst themselves. The bad thing about the games is that the capitol broadcasts the event on television reinforcing the idea that all the tributes are is entertainment for the capitol people. The games themselves are a symbol of government control because of how the capitol’s gamemaker controls what will happen in the games. Whether or not who dies and a certain time or how they will die. To solidify this, a scene towards the beginning of when the games starts shows Katniss, the main character, is straying too far from the other tributes. The capitol’s head gamemaker realizes this and forces her closer with a giant wall of fire resulting in a severe injury where Katniss could have easily been killed. If the capitol wanted her dead, they could easily do that. This gives off the impression to the country of Panem that they can do anything with their power to anyone they want to. A scene towards the middle of the film, where while during the actual games, the President of Panem states â€Å"take care of the problem† reffering to Katniss as â€Å"the problem. † But, the game maker cannot do this and replies with â€Å"not yet, just let it play out† because of the fact that the citizens of Panem are rooting for her. By the game maker doing this, he implies that by giving the world a fan favorite, this will essentially gives them hope. .ufebe2add0c5eb6a1807c9368fee22986 , .ufebe2add0c5eb6a1807c9368fee22986 .postImageUrl , .ufebe2add0c5eb6a1807c9368fee22986 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ufebe2add0c5eb6a1807c9368fee22986 , .ufebe2add0c5eb6a1807c9368fee22986:hover , .ufebe2add0c5eb6a1807c9368fee22986:visited , .ufebe2add0c5eb6a1807c9368fee22986:active { border:0!important; } .ufebe2add0c5eb6a1807c9368fee22986 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ufebe2add0c5eb6a1807c9368fee22986 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ufebe2add0c5eb6a1807c9368fee22986:active , .ufebe2add0c5eb6a1807c9368fee22986:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ufebe2add0c5eb6a1807c9368fee22986 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ufebe2add0c5eb6a1807c9368fee22986 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ufebe2add0c5eb6a1807c9368fee22986 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ufebe2add0c5eb6a1807c9368fee22986 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ufebe2add0c5eb6a1807c9368fee22986:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ufebe2add0c5eb6a1807c9368fee22986 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ufebe2add0c5eb6a1807c9368fee22986 .ufebe2add0c5eb6a1807c9368fee22986-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ufebe2add0c5eb6a1807c9368fee22986:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Screenplay Analysis - The Proposal EssayAnd the idea of killing their Hope, Katniss, will send the impression of ultimate power the Capitol possesses. Ross makes this seem like the government has unlimited power and are capable of showing this power at any given time. The Hunger Games themselves are actually an allegory of government control with the use of the power they poses. A part of the film where Gary Ross makes the government seem like they can do anything they please. Directly after the Hunger Games are over, the capitol punishes Katniss for her intolerable actions in the games. Usually, the winner of the Hunger Games can no longer enter the games again and shall remain wealthy for the remainder of their lives. But, because of their power, the government twists this rule and has the winner of past games be re-entered into the reaping. Knowing that Katniss is the only girl to ever win from her district, the capitol knows she has to be picked to go back into the games. The capitol is pretty much implying that they can control a person no matter what the circumstances are. With thirteen separate districts in the world of Panem and all of them having a certain resource that the Capitol government entitles them to make the districts may have the idea and feeling of freedom, but in all reality the people are being watched at every moment. By telling the districts to supply these resources for other districts, the government is giving them the impression that they are contributing to the country but they aren’t at in fact. They are just contributing to the capitol essentially making them poorer. By putting this aspect in the film Gary Ross is giving off the impression that even though people do not know they are being controlled by the capitol, they actually are. Usually, the government is present to protect citizens from what is bad in the world but in the Hunger Games, this is not the case. The government in the Hunger Games strikes fear into the citizens. Ultimately, The Hunger Games themselves are an allegory of government control that the surrounding districts have no power over. And by utilizing this symbol, the citizens surely have no reaction towards this fact or so they know. Bibliography: The Hunger Games. Gary Ross. 2012. Lionsgate. 2012. DVD

Nevaeh free essay sample

My niece Nevaeh is the most important person in my life. She brightens my day when it’s at it’s worst. She also knows how to put a smile on my face. Nevaeh I was the last one to find out. it was a sunday night and Isaac (my sister’s husband) and his parents came over for dinner and i remember watching t.v. when i heard â€Å"What are we gonna do about the baby?† and a big smile came to my face. The pregnancy was a long one, especially for me since i wanted the baby to come out already. i remember one time hitting my sisters stomach (on accident). My sister was watching t.v. and she didn’t want to cough up the remote; i took it from her and she came running at me like a wild boar i stuck my leg out in defense and it hit her in her in her stomach â€Å"DON’T KICK ME IN MY STOMACH!† and she takes the remote and throws it at me. We will write a custom essay sample on Nevaeh or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Time passes and then came the cramps and pains and finally time f or baby Nevaeh, waiting in the hospital was the longest moment of my life but the wait was well worth it. It was room 128 (i think) i waited outside with Steph and Homer; Homers grandma brings the Nevaeh and we get to see her for the first time. There she was wrapped in a blanket with a beanie and her jet black hair sticking out of it. Then at about 2 months it came time for them to head out to college. Great!, not really. i didn’t want them to leave, i wanted them to stay really bad, but they had to go. When it finally left to North Dakota it wasn’t until then that i really realized how much i cared for her. Luckily now they go to college in Boise and i get to see them more often. I love my niece Nevaeh and nothing is ever gonna change that.

Leave out the Latin - Emphasis

Leave out the Latin Leave out the Latin One of our members of staff recently phoned his GP practice and asked to see a specific doctor. Sorry, he only comes in pro re nata, the receptionist told him. It wasnt until hed put the phone down and looked up the phrase that he knew for sure what she had meant, writes Cathy Relf. It would be considered crass and more than a little odd for a native English speaker speaking to another native English speaker to switch to another language mid-sentence. So why do some people think its acceptable to do so with Latin? To be effective, writing needs to be clear and accessible. It shouldnt confuse the reader or require them to reach for a dictionary. In fact, when someone has to look away for long enough to look up a word, they may never return. Only a minority of native English speakers have any formal knowledge of Latin. In the UK in 2011, just 9,650 pupils out of a total of 5.15 million took a Latin GCSE. Thats less than two per cent. Admittedly, that proportion was slightly higher when your average businessperson was at school, but the fact remains that the moment you slip in a line of Latin, or even over-pepper a sentence with post, ad hoc and per se, whether its apropos (appropriate) or not, you risk alienating the majority of your readership. There are some professions medicine and law, for example where Latin is a crucial part of the language (although lawyer Wayne Schiess makes a good case against using unnecessary Latin in legal writing). But outside of those professions, there are few cases where using an expression that your readers may not understand would be better than writing it in plain English. This isnt to say theres anything wrong with studying or taking an interest in Latin after all, much of our language is based on it. And its fine to use commonly understood abbreviations such as eg, ie, etc, if theyre genuinely more appropriate than for example, that is, and and so on. Just make sure you use them correctly. Latin on the loose Weve rounded up five examples of Latin obstructing meaning, below. If youre not familiar with the Latin terms, hover over them for a rough translation, or click to see the full definition. Heres Kathy Gyngell blogging for the Daily Mail: This is what the Bishops amendment to exclude child benefit from Iain Duncan Smiths benefit cap plan, inter alia, endorses the continuation of entitlement. A paper from the Social Development Agency: This Vademecum is intended as a handy reference guide to using budget heading 04.03.03.03. on information, consultation and participation of representatives within undertakings. A Wired.com article on the rules of cooking: While there are certainly still subjective and somewhat impenetrable qualities to ones cuisine de gustibus non est disputandum there is an increasing rigor in the kitchen. An article on robo-cars: And given the Supreme Courts recent ruling on police use of GPS, even when tracking criminals, the idea that more technology in the car leads ipso facto to more government control is questionable. And, making a case for the teaching of Latin in schools, Boris Johnson writing in the Telegraph: Suppose you are captured by cannibals in the Mato Grosso, and you find a scrap of Portuguese newspaper in your hut revealing that there is about to be an eclipse; and suppose that by successfully prophesying this event you convince your captors that you are a god and secure your release I reckon you would be thankful for your Latin, eh? And even if you reject any such practical advantages (and, experto crede, they are huge), I dont care, because they are not the point. How many of them could you follow, without checking the definitions? With the possible exception of Boris Johnson, whose Latin is at least relevant to the subject in hand, these are all quite bizarre language choices. In the first case, among other things would have been a much better and clearer expression than inter alia. In the second, the use of Vademecum (or vade mecum, as it is more commonly spelt) alongside handy reference guide is tautologous. It essentially says this handy reference guide is intended as a handy reference guide. In the third, what purpose could there be for writing in Latin, other than for the writer to show that he can? And in the fourth, the ipso facto is unnecessary if any clarification is needed, automatically or directly would do fine. The case against While studying Latin is admirable, using it in everyday language isnt. Not only does it sound pompous and offputting, it obstructs communication. Even Boris doesnt make an argument for actually using it, merely for knowing it in case of encounters with cannibals who cant read newspapers. When writing, always keep your readers at the front of your mind. What do they need to know, and how can you best communicate it? If the answer to the second question is in Latin, then by all means go ahead but those occasions are, we suspect, rare. Wed love to hear your thoughts. Have you spotted some Latin on the loose? Can you defend any of the above examples? Do you have a particular phrase that youre fond of dropping into writing? Leave us a comment below.

How to use LinkedIn to get a job

How to use LinkedIn to get a job LinkedIn has positioned itself as end end-all social media portal for your career. It has professional development resources, helpful articles, and- most importantly- the connections and job postings to put you in your next job. But if you’re looking to use it for a very specific purpose, finding your next job, then it can be a little overwhelming. Let’s walk through some of the strategies you need to cut through the noise and use LinkedIn to score your next gig.Understand what LinkedIn does (and doesn’t do)Not all social media is the same, which means it shouldn’t occupy the same space in your job search. Twitter and Facebook are great for content sharing (also funny pet videos), but not necessarily great for the level of nitty-gritty info you want and need to bump up your job hunt. Studies have found that about 75% of LinkedIn users are there primarily for research- about companies, about people, about job openings. If you want to know what a companyâ₠¬â„¢s overall brand looks like, Twitter, Instagram, or Facebook is fine. If you want to get real information about the company that you can use to find your next job, think of LinkedIn as your research assistant. You can use it to get targeted information to take with you into informational meetings you set up with new (or existing) connections, or come up with detailed, insightful questions to ask in an interview.Keep your content currentThis may seem like a no-brainer, but you’d be amazed how many people update their LinkedIn profiles once in a while and let them just languish. It happens to all of us. Make sure your LinkedIn profile is completely up-to-date, and that you’re refining it often. Think of this as your living resume.Check your settingsLinkedIn’s â€Å"Open Candidate† settings (found in our account preferences) let you signal to recruiters and companies that you’re open to new opportunities- even if you’re looking on the DL. If you have this setting enabled, you can specify what types of recruitment you’re open to receiving without having to put â€Å"hey, I’m looking for a new job!† on your public profile.Make your profile stand outYour headline is going to be the first thing people see when they click through to your profile. Make sure it’s a strong one that simply, concisely explains your brand: â€Å"Customer support specialist, fixing the world one solved problem at a time† is a good example. It shows off your job title, some key words, and a bit of flair to grab the reader’s interest. Having a flattering, clear profile picture is helpful as well. But remember- always use a work-appropriate headshot.Avoid looking like a seekerSounds counterintuitive, right? You are using the site to seek a new job. But if you use words like â€Å"job seeker† or â€Å"looking for† in your profile, it can come off as a little needy or desperate. Instead of broadca sting what you want, broadcast who you are and your professional brand.Target specific companiesJust about every company these days has a presence on LinkedIn. Start following the company- its content, news about them, any information you can find on the site. That way, when opportunities do open up you’ll likely already be in the loop, and able to jump on it right away.Leverage your connectionsOne of LinkedIn’s strongest points is how it brings the word-of-mouth network into the digital realm. It also lets you see who your connections are connected to, several degrees down the line. Use this data to help visualize how your network connects to someone at the company where you want to work, or someone who can get you an introduction.Don’t be afraid to reach outYour LinkedIn experience can be very passive (people come to me) or very active (I reach out to people who can help me achieve my next career goal). Take advantage of the best thing about LinkedIn- the real -time connections to people all over the world. You have nothing to lose by dropping a note in the inbox of someone you’d like to â€Å"meet† to discuss your industry, their company, etc.LinkedIn can be a great asset to your job hunt when you give it your care and attention. When you put the time in to refine your profile and start engaging with others on the site, it can yield career-changing results.

Adolescence and Adulthood Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Adolescence and Adulthood - Essay Example This and several other changes like this were quite expected because these changes do appear in the onset of puberty in males. Though, one of the changes was quite displeasing and I wondered if it so happened with every male child my age. I began to grow my chest and the areola peaked up until they began to peep out through my T shirts. The condition was extremely embarrassing and it made me suffer a lot, particularly in the school when I used to be among my friends. They would point fingers at me and call me â€Å"fag†. They did not realize that I had not voluntarily grown my breast and that there was nothing I could do to make it look any better. In order to escape the embarrassment, I would put on three vests under my T shirt, so that the overall look would be quite flabby and the nipples would not be able to define themselves as a separate entity among other body features. In addition to that, I would try not to make too much public appearance. I stopped going out to the p layground in the breaks, and would spend the whole day sitting in my chair. I became very shy, nervous, and conscious about the way I looked. 2. What peer pressure did you face? Having acquired gynecomastia, I had to face a lot of peer pressure. They made fun of me. They used to point fingers at my chest and would often, squeeze my nipple while walking past me.

Organisational Behaviour Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Organisational Behaviour - Research Paper Example It is difficult for any workplace to be without stereotypes. This is because the nature of a workplace has an evaluation aspect, and stereotypes are responses to evaluation (Kray & Shirako 2009). The generalisations arising from stereotyping are usually done to make the decision making process easier, and are not deliberate attempts to make others feel incompetent. Stereotyping thus reduces the effectiveness of organisations. Correct organisational behaviour practices minimize the negative effects of stereotyping in the workplace. The purpose of organisational behaviour, as a field of study, is to make the organisations work with more effectiveness (Robbins & Judge 2013). This research paper will discuss the effects, evidence and applications of stereotyping based on the grouping of age. The issue of age in the workplace is an important aspect for at least three reasons. One, there is a perception in most cultures that the productivity of a person decreases with increasing age. Two, the workforce is aging in many developed countries including Australia, UK and USA. And three, many countries are increasing the retirement age, or completely doing away with the concept of retirement age. The influence of negative stereotype can affect ones performance at work. A case reported by Roberson & Kulik (2007, p.26) describes a situation where older workers have mastered ‘the look’ when they are introduced to persons who feel that they are too old to do work. A fifty seven year old accountant will conclude that a person finds him to be incompetent because of his age with comments such as ‘you had such a young voice on the phone’. A comment similar to the one describe can be concluded to mean that the commenter would have preferred (and was expecting) a younger accountant for one reason or the other. Desmette and Gaillard (2008) report that older workers

Article Review of Organizational Culture Essay Example for Free

Article Review of Organizational Culture Essay It was not expected that the hierarchical model would be dominant given the previous attempt to change the culture. The altruistic values of those surveyed indicated they are committed to social development and public interests and are most comfortable with a hierarchical dominate culture. The sample size of 530 participants obtained from the Public Sector Directory was an adequate size. All of the executives in the directory were included in the survey, which suggests a less than random selection process for the final candidates. However, the six varied departments selected represented central coordination, infrastructure provision and social services. Although an almost two to one ratio of male to female employee responses were utilized, none of the demographic variables collected in section C of the three part survey affected the perceptions of the current culture. Sections A and B of the survey gathered information on character, managers, cohesion, emphases and rewards. Results indicated that Departments A – D preferred the internal process or group culture. Department E preferred the internal process model, but it was equally comfortable with rational goal model indicating goal fulfillment was a requirement. Department F results indicated a comfort level with the rational goal model most likely due to their interactive responsibilities with other departments. Forcing change from a formalized, rules and rewards based culture to a more flexible, decentralized culture could create individual-organization value conflict resulting in stress. Of the population surveyed only 191, 36%, was usable and the male respondents outnumbered the female respondents nearly 3 to 1. The survey, divided into three sections dealing with perceptions of the current culture, respondent ideal culture, and demographic information. The survey reviled 4 out of 6 public sector departments in the study held to the traditional model. The findings also suggest organizational culture is driven at the non-managerial employee level and the deeply embedded cultural values can’t be forced any form of management. The article mentions the constant state of transition is the Queensland government over a twenty year period; employees may value the stability and predictability of the traditional bureaucratic model. Base on the research and finding in the article, culture change must target the organization at the non-managerial level in order for the culture change to be effective. In order for Queensland traditionally bureaucratic organizations to embrace high performing teams, the change must address the needs of the driving force of the traditional model culture; the non-managerial employees. In forming high performing teams for the Queensland public sector, it is important to investigate the factors/components of those teams. Also, because most teams are unique in their goals and focus, there is no off the shelf solution for all teams (Davenport, 2001) and that there is no singular, uniform measure of performance effectiveness for groups (Guzzo and Dickson, 1996. p. 309). By creating a customized plan for transitioning, Queensland public sector can move from a control hierarchical organizational culture to a culture of change, flexibility, and productivity. The Queensland public sector was managed for so many decades using the top down management that the culture of the organizations productivity depended on it. The results of the study can be supported by the need for stability which can only be changed by small adjustment to small changes (Bhide 2010). The culture of the organization is controlled by political authority, so it was not surprising that a hierarchical process model was so deeply rooted in to the essence of the government employees who understood the leadership values (Goodwin and Neck, 1998). Organizations lack of understanding of their members caused employees to be less adaptable to change, and with that less productive. Employees will move to do only their specific functions and only respond to the tasks directed by their manager, which is contradicting to the desired results of flexibility, and supports the article results (Miller S 2009). â€Å"Beyond top-down and bottom-up work redesign†, explains â€Å"Authority is traditionally conceptualized as hierarchical†, but the informal authority operates day to day work of organizations. This proved to be true for the Queensland public sector with few exceptions such as a high commitment to the rules and the attention to details. These changes have also been achieved on a federal level with similar setbacks who still managed to overcome the existing dominant culture (189). Just because the organization is not dominated by the â€Å"new managerialist thinking† as stated in â€Å"Organisational culture in the public sector† article, Sting and Loch explain that this does not mean that there is not a need for a â€Å"bottom-up participation† which was part of the work environment before the values of the employees were, in a way, forced to be changed for unexplained reasons to them. As a result of such, this did cause setbacks in the cultural change that was attempted. Changing the value of a large group of people within the company is next to impossible when it’s so closely tied to their private beliefs such as the members of the Queensland public sector. In order to move from a hierarchical process model of an organization to a more flexible and change oriented one, organizations must first understand their employees preferred organizational structure, and then create a corporate culture which employees can slowly get accustom to. In the case of six organizations in the Queensland public sector, the transformation required a culture change from the â€Å"Mechanistic† to ‘Organic† organizational structure and this should have been done very slowly only after understanding the values of those involved. One easy way to get this information is to have employees perform a self-assessment. Because â€Å"a corporate culture is influenced by the industry in which the organization operates†, outside factors such as political control have to be considered in a path taken to change employees assumptions, values, and artifacts (McGraw-Hill Companies, 2002-2009). Before an organization can move from a hierarchical process to a more flexible one employees must understand the benefits of shifting their culture from â€Å"control† to â€Å"performance†, where their input is valued. Through our research and critical analysis of the six organizations in the Queensland public sector, it is evident to us that the paradigm public organizations are functioning in will not change easily. Though the employees have to be able to accept change and shift, employers must understand that the need to create an environment that fosters a corporate cultural environment is vital. Change is inevitable but a positive response to the change is not. Without the strategic planning of organizational leaders, we will continue to see results like we saw with the six organizations in Queensland; the entire organization has to be a part of the implementation, intimately, in order for it to be effective. Unfortunately, when employees of any organization settle for the â€Å"norm,† they will not only resist change but they will fear it.

Vengeance and Forgiveness in Shakespeares The Tempest Essay -- Tempes

Vengeance and Forgiveness in Shakespeare's The Tempest There are many elements in Shakespeare's play, The Tempest, which one cannot reconcile with the real world. The main theme in The Tempest is illusion, and the main focus is the experiment by Prospero. The Tempest, it is clear, features an experiment by Prospero. He has not brought the Europeans to the vicinity of the island, but when they do come close to it, he has, through the power of illusion, lured them into his very special realm. The experiment first of all breaks up their social solidarity, for they land in different groups: Ferdinand by himself, the court group, Stephano and Trinculo by themselves, and the sailors remain asleep. The magic leads them by separate paths until they all meet in the circle drawn by Prospero in front of his cave. There he removes the spell of the illusions; the human family recognizes each other, and together they resolve to return to Italy, leaving behind the powers of the magic associated with the island.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Before considering the purpose of Prospero's experiment, we should note how central to all his magic Ariel is. And Ariel is not human but a magical spirit who has been released from natural bondage (being riven up in a tree) by Prospero's book learning. The earlier inhabitants of the island, Sycorax and Caliban, had no sense of how to use Ariel, and so they simply imprisoned him in the world which governs them, raw nature. Prospero's power depends, in large part, on Ariel's release and willing service. In that sense, Ariel can be seen as some imaginative power which makes the effects of the theatre (like lightning in the masts of the boat) possible. One of the great attractions of this view of the play as a celeb... ... vengeance. (5.1. 18-28) Here, the imaginative sympathy for the sufferings of others leads to an active intervention based upon "virtue" rather than "vengeance." This is a key recognition in the play: virtue expressed in forgiveness is a higher human attribute than vengeance. And in the conclusion of the play, Prospero does not even mention the list of crimes against him. He simply offers to forgive and accept what has happened to him, in a spirit of reconciliation. Unlike other Shakespeare plays, the ending of The Tempest requires neither the death nor the punishment of any of the parties. Works Cited and Consulted: Gervinus, G.G. "The Tempest." The Shakespeare Criticism Volume 8. Gale Research Inc., Detroit. 1989: 304-307. Shakespeare, William. The Tempest. The Norton Shakespeare. Ed. Greenblatt, Stephen. New York: W.W. Norton & Co. Inc., 1997.

Delamere Vineyard

Delamere Vineyard struggles to generate a consistent net income during the company’s quest for quality wine. Richard Richardson, owner, manager, and winemaker is concerned about the long term future of Delamere Vineyard. GOALS/OBJECTIVES: Develop the highest quality of Wine Richardson has been known for developing great wine and is constantly looking for ways to improve the overall quality. In 1994, customers even stated that his Reserve Pinot Noir was amazing and far superior to their competition.Richardson currently believes in three potential improvements exist and I have outlined his potential projects (highlight below). Option 1: Prevent Excessive Oxidation (Determine optimum SO2, level) a. )Potential Benefit: Prevent oxidation; improve the consistency and â€Å"fruitiness† b. )Risk: Decrease complexity c. ) Capital Expenditure: Zero dollars d. )Production: 10%-30% scrap This option would allow Richardson to produce a consistent wine on a year to year basis. Wine t hat uses SO2 will still command a high price and sell very well on the market. Less risk can be associated with this method as well.On the downside, by producing wine using SO2 you tend to reduce the individual character of the wine. Initially Richardson will risk the chance of losing some of his harvests; given Richardson previous chemistry back ground, he should be able to develop a formula faster than others. Option 2: Deepen Red Wine Color (Implement Rotofermenter) a. )Potential Benefit: Improve customer reception; 10% price increase b. )Risk: Altered taste c. ) Capital Expenditure: Rotofermenter $30,000 d. )Production: 10% Richardson has stated that customer’s traveling to his region and surrounding markets prefer wine with darker color. By using the rotofermenter,Richardson will be able to create a darker wine, which he believes will increase his retail by up to 10%. Based on Richardson’s revenue from 1997 this method would generate an additional $24,391. 80 in s ales. This option does raise the risk of potential oxidation, which in the past has plagued Richardson. The rotofermenter also has a chance of altering the taste the wine. The cost for introducing the rotofermenter is $30,000. Option 3: Optimum Fermentation Mix (Whole bunch; Destem: Full Crush) a. )Potential Benefit: Greater complexity, â€Å"character† b. )Risk: Customers may reject c. ) Capital Expenditure: New fermentation tank . )Production: 20%-40% This method has the potential to produce amazing wine that could sell at a much higher retail. The final product will not be similar to Richardson’s competition base and could potentially give him the edge in pinot noir sales; adding complexity to ever bottle. However, the taste and quality will vary from barrel to barrel. Lots of risks are associated with this process. This method would require that the grapes are handpicked and also smashed by feet which would increase labor costs. Consistency would be the largest pro blem and could potentially lead to decreased customer satisfaction.Close to 88% of Delamere’s customer base tends to purchase’s wine based on consistency and price, rather than the complexity and character. Delamere's current customer base is comprised of 58% cellar door purchases, 37% wholesale purchases and 4% to Mail order purchases. The chart below outlines the percentages of business for Delamere Vineyard. Delamere Vineyard % of sales 1997 Delamere Pinot NoirReserve Pinot NoirDry RedChardonnay Dollars$179,424. 00$32,671. 00$31,823. 00$36,118. 00$280,036. 00 Avg. $ per bottle12. 7516. 85810. 2 Bottles Sold 1407219393978354123530 % of Business64. 7%11. 67%11. 36%12. 90% Delamere Vineyard does have small percentage of his customer’s that prefer the complexity and unusual character of Richardson’s Reserve label. However, this particular customer accounts for merely 12% of their total wine business. During Richardson’s 12 years of winemaking the sp ecter of oxidation has reared its ugly head several times. In 1993, Richardson lost his entire vintage stock of chardonnay and in 1994 his pinot noir which was considered by many as his best but was criticized by Judge James Halliday as â€Å"prematurely aged†, indicative of oxidation.Some of Delamere’s customers have recently commented about a lack of consistency with Richardson’s wine. Below is a comment from one of Delamere’s wholesaler’s. â€Å"Richard, I’m worried about this year’s pinot. It’s very different to last year’s. What are you doing different? I’m worried that if I sell this to restaurants that took last year’s they’re going to be surprised, and perhaps disappointed† –Wholesaler, commenting on the 1994 whole-bunch reserve Pinot Noir. — Generate a consistent Income Over the course of 8 years, Delamere Vineyard has struggled to produce a consistent net income.As seen in the graph below, Delamere Vineyard’s net income was as low as -$41,124 in 1993, and as high as $70,218 in 1997. The lack of consistency makes it very hard for any business owner or manager to manage their business. Richardson has stated that wine making has its peaks and valleys and that your goal as a wine maker is to minimize the valleys and capitalize on the peaks. As you take a closer look at the graph, you will notice that that Delamere’s income never really spikes during its so called peaks and plummets during its so called valleys.What is most concerning is Richardson’s inability to capitalize on what many have stated as being his best Pinot Noir wine in 1994. Following this harvest Richardson produced good profits, but not records numbers. Profitability has not been a focal point of Richardson business in previous years. However, it should be something Richardson looks to improve given the statistics above. Relaying on the peaks of Delamere is like h oping one gets lucky. Expand current operations: Option 1: Plant more grapes Richardson is currently only using up 8. 1 acres of the available 21. 3 acres, which accounts for only 38% of his land suitable for vineyards.Below is an example of how much Richardson could increase production by merely doubling his operations. 1997 Delamere Vineyard Production pinot noir chardonnaytotal Estimated production Acres of vines currently planted6. 91. 28. 116. 2 Yield per acre (Tonnes)3. 363. 366. 7213. 44 Liters of wine produced16. 2682,9052921. 2685842. 536 Casks (barrels)721385170 Evaporation and scrap (liters)97617411502300 % of scrap0 Total Liters wine (net)15,29227311802336046 Cases169930320024004 Bottles 20,38936412403048060 Library and Owners Use4001005001000 % of grape type0 Total Bottles (net)19,98935412353047060Option 2: Expand the Cellar Door Sales As stated above, Richardson is currently using 38% of his 21. 3 acres. The â€Å"Cellar Door† has become a unique experience for many of Richardson’s customers and also been a great source of revenue—roughly 58 % of Richardson business. The vast majority of the Cellar Door customer’s our tourist to the Tasmania region and Richardson should consider adding lodging accommodations for these guests. Richardson could possible encompass one nights lodging, wine seminar, and a case of wine. The obvious downsides would be the building cost and also additional employee help.Hire Additional Help: Add an additional employee that oversees the daily operations of the vineyard. This would be an added expense, but it will give Richardson the ability to focus on perfecting the wine making process. This will also help aid in future growth of the vineyard. Recommendation Given the fact that it will take time for planted grapes to harvests, I’ve broke down my recommendations based on years of operation. Year 1 In year one I’m recommending that Richardson start adding SO2 to his wine. Given Ric hardson’s chemistry background this should be relatively easy to implement.This change can be completed with very little start up cost and will help produce a consistent wine on a yearly basis; improving the overall quality of Richardson’s wine. The new wine consistency will pay dividends with Delamere’s wholesale customers—which accounts for 38% of his yearly business—where consistency has been critical. The addition of S02 has been instituted by other vineyards already and has been received well throughout the market place. Over/under oxidation will also not be as prevalent as in the previous years and should allow Richardson to increase the retail on his wine, increasing his gross margin.Richardson will need to research his competitors pricing to see how big of an increase is justified. I’m also recommending that you plant an additional 8. 1 acres of grapes. Given the fact that nearly 62% of your vineyard lays vacant, you will more than d ouble your GMROI in future years to come. Year 3 Once the newly planted crop is ready for harvest I’m suggesting that Richardson hire an additional employee that can manage your daily operations of the vineyard. It is during this time that I’m suggesting that Richardson also consider pursuing optimum fermentation.This would require the purchase of a fermentation tank but would allow Richardson to express his creativity and focus on the overall quality/complexity of your pinot noir. I recommended that Richardson only devote 4 acres of his vineyard to this method given the risk associated with this practice which I have highlighted above. Year 8 The last improvement is one that will have to be based on the over success of the other improvements mentioned above. By this time Richardson should have a grasp on whole bunch fermentation and mastered the art of adding SO2 to his wine.Richardson will have created a successful vineyard and more likely will be looking for other w ays to improve creativity of his vineyard. It is at this time I that I suggest Richardson look into developing the remaining 5. 1 acres into a bed and breakfast lodge. More than 50% of his business already comes from cellar door customers that are visiting the Tasmania region. This could become a popular venue for tourists interested in wine making, wine tasting events, weddings, and other special events. The initial cost of this recommendation would be extremely high; however, it has the potential to increase sales dramatically.

Purpose of Life Essay

Are you really contented with your life? Do you even know the real purpose of life here on Earth? What is your purpose for waking up everyday? Why can you hear, see, smell, talk and think? What are you here for? Every life here on Earth has their own purpose of existence. The plants, they play a huge role on maintaining the cleanliness of our planet and the air we breathe. The animals, they serve as our food and source of life. But us humans, do we know our purpose? Of course, many would say yes, but then again is that our real purpose for living? According to the book â€Å"40 days of purpose† by Rick Warren, there are consequences of not knowing your purpose. One is, without knowing your purpose life will seem tiresome. Because if you do not know your purpose and so confusion will take control of you, and when that happens you just go with the flow like the river flowing into the sea. You just go round and round and back again. Second, without knowing your purpose life will seem unfulfilling. Like the saying goes history merely repeats itself because there is no contentment, no satisfaction at all. No matter how much we have we still ask for more. Third, without knowing your purpose life will seem uncontrollable. We often do things we think is right, but actually we are being deceived by the knowledge the world has put into us and not by our own knowledge that God has given us. But on the other hand, if you will know your purpose of living, there are also benefits from it. First, knowing the purpose of your life will give your life focus. Just like in a team, every team has one purpose and that is to attain a certain goal. Next is, knowing the purpose of your life will simply your life. In here comes fulfillment, contentment, joy and satisfaction. Third, knowing the purpose of your life will increase motivation in your life. Every good and bad things that happen in this world has a reason and a purpose, and it’s for us to find out. We only need to strive, work and be patient to discover it. Lastly, knowing the purpose of your life will prepare you for eternity. We all know that nothing is permanent in this world, we will all die in the future. But the question is are we ready when that time comes? Are we able to comply with the purpose where God has placed us? If you feel tired, unfulfilled and uncontrollable then it means that you are still in the process of knowing your purpose. But, if you are focused, living a simple life, motivated and prepared for the future, for eternity then you are living the purpose of God in your life. And so are you living with the purpose or are you leaving your purpose? Thank you! And God bless!

Social Psychology essay

Social Psychology essay Social Psychology essay Social Psychology essayThe history of social psychology can be described as the history of social science that reflects multiple efforts to explain social conditions, social actions and the relationships between society and its members (Fenestra, 2013). The history of social psychology helps to better understand the nature of social world. In fact, social psychology plays an important role in helping individuals to have a better understand of the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors of other individuals. It is necessary to understand not only social, but also political and material influences on the conceptions of individuals. The history of social psychology is closely connected with the political history because the discipline helps to explore human nature through the application of certain scientific methods. A number of key research developments have helped to define social psychology and differentiate it from other fields of study, including ethical, cultural, behavioral and other types of research developments.   The following theoretical constructs are inherent in social psychology principles include the â€Å"commonality corollary, the sociality corollary and the fragmentation corollary† (Rogers, 2013, p. 157). The role of ethics in behavioral research is crucial because any form of behavioral research requires not only observation, analysis of human behavior, but also it requires the analysis of by-products of human behavior, such as public opinions. Ethics in behavioral research influences the attitudes of personnel, the behavior of the participants, and other aspects that may have certain impact on society. Some of the ethical dilemmas that researchers face include the issues associated with specific national or cultural context, maintenance of the respect for privacy and confidentiality, etc. One of the examples of an ethical violation that occurred in a human research study includes the violation of moral principles in the form of racial ineq uality, which leads to racial discrimination and racism. The study well-known as the Tuskegee Syphilis study demonstrates the actual violation of moral norms in relation to African Americans. The methodology used by researchers was observational. Considerable changes could have been made to improve the ethical nature of the research, including the improved ethical standards and the proper control.

Best Places to Study on a College Campus

Best Places to Study on a College Campus Finding a place to study on a college campus can be a challenge. Even if youre lucky enough to use your room for periods of time without having your roommate barge in, you still might need a change of scenery from time to time. Any of these places to study on campus can do the trick! Libraries Look for nooks and crannies in the undergraduate library. See if you can rent a carrel or small study room. Head to a floor youve never been to before. Check out the stacks and find a small table pushed against a wall somewhere. There are undoubtedly little spaces you can find that will help you focus on the task(s) at hand. Head to the medical, business, or law library for a completely different scene. Nice furniture, quiet study rooms, and nicer digs are much more common here, and youll be less likely to bump into- and get distracted by- people you know. Check out the smaller libraries on campus. Many large schools have tiny libraries scattered around. Ask for a directory of libraries and find one that is small, not busy, and perfect for getting some work done. Coffee Shops If you work best with some background noise and a distraction now and then, not to mention easy access to food and drinks, the campus coffee shop may be a good bet. Outdoor Areas When the weather is nice, reading out on a lawn can be a great way to get some fresh air, clear your mind, and still get some work done. If youre worried about running into people you know, head to a part of campus you and your friends dont usually visit. Classrooms Check out empty classrooms. You dont have to be in class to take advantage of a nice classroom: if a room is unoccupied, feel free to claim it as your own and get to work. Utilize the campus computer labs. You dont have to be using a computer to take advantage of the quiet atmosphere that most labs provide. Grab your work, your laptop, and an empty seat at a table and enjoy the lack of noise and distraction. Other Areas Camp out in the dining hall during off hours. When everyone is free for lunch, the dining halls are totally chaotic. But between meals, they can be quiet and peaceful. Grab a snack and enjoy the large table space you wouldnt otherwise have access to. Head to larger venues that arent in use. Large theaters or music halls often arent in use all the time. Head to one of these areas for some quiet time in a place that can help free your mind from distraction. Reading Shakespeare in an empty theater may be just what you need to get into your assignment! Use a Tutoring or Learning Center Peek into a writing/resource/tutoring/learning center. Many campuses offer resources for students working on projects. Even if youre not meeting with any of the centers volunteers or staff members, see if you can work there for a few hours.

Bean and Jerry Ice-cream Company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Bean and Jerry Ice-cream Company - Essay Example The company started growing successfully due to some chunky ingredients and some unusual and catchy flavor. It was the scoop style which was adopted by them to sell ice-cream but they had to go for the pint way. By the year 1984 they had already been successful in taking the ice-cream company public in the city of Vermont. They got themselves registered under the Security and Exchange Commission (SEC) allowing them to buy stock nationwide. Ben and Jerry were considered as good and old boys from the sixties who preferred conducting their meetings in a festive manner than in the stereotypical way of carry out any corporate meeting. They actually tried to show the masses that their company is not a place where people can work with greatness but it also tries to portrait that they are somewhere socially related as well responsible to the whole community and the society. â€Å"Caring Capitalism† is something which these two young people believed in and they eventually donated aroun d 7.5% of the pretax profit for the wellbeing of the society and for those social causes which included Centro for Better Living and Healing Our Mother Earth. Haagen-Dazs is the largest competitor of Benn and Jerry and the former has always been choosy in while distributing ice-creams. It has always aimed the elite class of the society. The funky image which the latter has shown has drawn attention of the younger crowd with catchy eyes. Their commitment to the society is an honest and an obvious approach. The mission statement of Benn and Jerry is the creation as well as demonstration of new concepts of the corporate for linked prosperity. The mission consists mainly of three parts. Underlying this mission is of course the in determination to seek a new as well as creative concepts and styles for addressing all the new parts, while holding this deep respect in case of every individuals outside and inside the company as well as for all the communities of which they consider themselve s to be a part. The company is operated on the basis of a sound and efficient economic system, which helps them to grow in the future and as well as increase the values of their shareholders on the other hand. The economic structure also aims at improving the opportunities of the workers and also is able to give away reward points. The company is also active in such a way that it is recognized everywhere as well as the important role which the company has in shaping the society locally, nationally and internationally. Underlying this particular mission of the company, Benn and Jerry is the creative and new ways of approaching and addressing all these three new parts, while they also try to uphold deep respect and virtue for each and every individuals outside and inside the company and eventually all the communities of which they consider themselves to be a part. 2. Product Benn and Jerry distribute, make and set all the best quality for the natural ice-creams and the dairy products related to a huge variety of unusual flavors which are made from the dairy product of Vermont. Their product which is super premium ice-cream is rich in the butterfat content that is 12%, where as this content is only 6-10 percent in other ice-dream. While ensuring quality of their product and of course to maintain the good old roots in their own community they preferred buying the creams from the

Informing of the Recent Development in the Battlefield at Hastings Essay

Informing of the Recent Development in the Battlefield at Hastings - Essay Example In the recruitment field, the soldiers came with horses carrying weapons such as battle-axe, long swords, and a short knife among other weapons. I went for training and started serving as a soldier to the king. The soldiers guarded the royal palace and the king was given the greatest honor in the land. King Edward could spend his time with Harold, his brother in law in the palace discussing matters of the leadership of England. Edward had no children so he had to choose heir of his throne. He chose Harold to take over his throne after his death. Harold could travel with his followers whenever he came to visit the king. Notably, Harold was religious and he could go to the church at Bosham with his men before sailing. Harold’s journey to Normandy hit a snag when he was captured at Ponthieu by count Guy. Guy took Harold to William where they made a vow to work together to oust Duke Conan. Kings had a long sword, which symbolized their leadership. The king sat on a special seat, w hich had decorations that suit the needs of the king. The king had maiden who served royal dishes. Before the death of King Edward, Harold returned to see him. During that meeting, Edward promised Harold his throne. On 5th January 1066, King Edward died in the upper chamber of his palace. His faithful followers and noblemen offered an axe and crown to Harold as a symbol of leadership. The crowning ceremony of Harold took place on 6th January 1066. He sat on his new throne with Archbishop and other dignitaries besides him. Many people were not happy with Harold crowning because he did not belong to the royal family. My life as a soldier changed following the coronation of Harold. When the news spread across England that Harold was the new king of England, rumors about William invasion gripped the palace. We had to prepare our weapons because of the impending invasion.

Native American Women's Role Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Native American Women's Role - Research Paper Example The speed and degree of progression that women have brought in the American workforce to arrive at the pinnacle of the corporate society is greatly recognized. The purpose of this statement is to emphasize that the job of women in the workplace has turned out to be more dominant. The fundamental factors to women’s successions in the workforce are higher education, to amplify the accomplishment of upper stage point, and acquisitive entrepreneurship occasion. The statement is intended to be enlightening and the procedure used to build these details is mainly research consisting of arithmetical data from the Women’s agency, the US survey reports, articles from major newspapers and other internet sources. The range of this story comprises the development of women in the United States workforce mostly pertaining to the past two to five years, while shedding light on the progression women have made in comparison among past decades. Women play an extremely significant role in the life of the Native Americans. Now they are not merely mothers who were supposed to remain in the house and rear children and take care of the house chores. In most cases, women were really in charge of assembling resources and then structuring houses for each family. They maintained the houses well and shaped new houses as per the requirement. This is an amazing accomplishment, chiefly for the women of that time. â€Å"The survey of women from the 34 highly selective colleges and universities found that, in the mid-1990s, women with at least one child spent about 2.1 years on average out of the labor force. Another survey, which studied all American women, found that the percentage of women who were married with kids under the age of six and working was about 30% in 1970, 58.9% in 1990, and 59.3% in 2004† (Hollyday, 2006). Men realize that women are the basis of life and offer a sense of strength as well as

Importance Of Geography To International Relations Politics Essay

Importance Of Geography To International Relations Politics Essay At first, it is necessary to identify the important issues that are going to be developed, I rather to start with the international relations which is the study of human interactions through national borders and the factors that affect those interactions. This definition briefly gives a globalized approach that makes people understand that nations are not the unique actor involve in the developed of the international relations but now there are many other institutions that actually affect those relationships and in some cases can change its complete direction. Those new actors can be intergovernmental organizations, nongovernmental organizations, international nongovernmental organizations and multinational corporations. On the other hand, there is the geography that would be explained based on this quote: Geography is the study of the patterns and processes of human (built) and environmental (natural) landscapes, where landscapes comprise real (objective) and perceived (subjective) space.  [1]  , in a simple way the previous definition immediately reminds us to the key problem to treat. The most important relation between the geography and the international relations appeared when countries realize the differences they had with their neighboring countries, in culture, thinking and the last but the relevant one, the resources. In the final years of the XIX century began the study of the geopolitics  [2]  that appears as consequences of three important situations that occurred in the international level. The first one is the consolidation of nation-state that is a territory with a population whose has sovereignty and the power to manage that territory, when this word was defined, the head of the states was concern about having the bigger territory as it was possible, also appears terms related with the national interest. The second event that marked the study of geopolitics is the II industrial revolution where the main resource demanded was the economic capital and in a secondary instance, the natural resources; with the revolution, states become aware of the nee d of the resources that they did not have so they had to get it from other nation-states. The third thing is related to the liberalism and the socialism that in few words, are expansionist ideologies. The socialism that says that the best government is the one that guarantees the equality between the members of the society people under this believe thinks that the socialism is possible just if it is in a global scale, and the liberalism is the ideology of the believe that the democracy is the best polity and every single country must have it, these theory arises and develop the idea of the universal rights. The factors already named, are the causes of the emergence of the interrelation between the geography and the international relations because the strategic countries started to look in the non strategic countries a sources to get everything they needed to increase their economies and guarantee a successful development of their society, so they began invading other territories already delimited (randomly) and tried to impose their authority everywhere they arrive, this caused a drastically changed in the international relation because every single country realized that they were not alone and that now had to fight to keep the current state they had, also states were seeing each other as a treat, because of this there were continues fights. A significant example of this, is what happened in Europe in the final years of the XIX centuries, the time know as the age of imperialism. Having occurred a list of situations that changed the image that Europe had of themselves. European countries saw Africans as defenseless people that needed to be defended. They sent people to study the behavior of the people living in the black continent, after a period the powerful European countries were completely inside of Africa and had a control over it. The imperial that used strategies to get the richest (resources) places in Africa was Great Britain who developed important naval and military power to fight not just with Africans but also to defeat the other European countries such as Portugal, France and Germany that were also trying to expand their territory and sovereignty in the dominated country. Finally Great Britain got the power from the Mediterranean to the Atlantic and from Cabo to Cairo. This has many consequences for the world order and organization, in this moment began the overseas trade of slaves and caused the emergence of African countries as nations whose h as their power based on guns. There some important authors that consider that without the age of imperialism do not hear were possible things like the spread of European languages in the hold world, also were an absence of institutions that makes the international relations what it is today. The previous paragraph shows how the application of the geography in the decisions to make in the international level (that affect another nations and their relation) can produce a lot of consequences, those would be positive or negative but the history shows that most of them has been positives and those that were negative, evolved while the time was running and now we live in a organized world that obviously is not perfect but at least spite of that are many potential fights, this can be and are controlled with the tools that international institutions has to keep the world order and the peaceful relations between nations. Another example that can be explained to prove the affirmation at the beginning is what is happening in the Antarctic, the polar caps are being thawed. But what happens with this situation? At first, it is known that many countries have their economy based in the freight transport or activities related to, some countries are Malaysia, Netherlands Panama and Singapore. The way how they are affected is because this important geographic change, caused because of an environmental issue, makes that the ports that are placed in those countries are not going to be as crowed as they used to be. All this because of the National geography showed a documental about how a group of Fishers in a big fishing boat decided to explore the Antarctic and see how difficult would be to cross from the Atlantic to the pacific to arrive to China, avoidant passed by the Indian Ocean. Second consequences is that now exist (for some countries) the possibility to distributed the last part of the world (the only one that has not being distributed) experts in geography and geopolitics affirms that it could (and most likely) leads to a struggle for having control over that zone. The third issue related to this change is about Netherlands, some projections demonstrate that if the polar caps continue thawing, this country ,that is place under the sea level and that has survive with the develop of very specific engineering, would be partially awash. Again it was prove, the international relations is considerably affected by the geography, this example is just a supposition of what would happen, but there consequences (positive or negative) may be much deeper of what it has been explained. Not to go too far, there is perfect example happening inside of Colombia and involve United States on one hand and on another hand is Venezuela and Ecuador. This is related to the military bases that United States has and use in Colombia. The interest of the US on having a close relation with Colombia is not exactly to help the country, but is for the geographical position. It is known that allied countries on Venezuela ´s side are facing the consequences of having a revolutionary government and in the case of Venezuela; they are having many structural changes to become a socialist country. Because of this, Venezuela and Ecuador are seen as potential threats. So, what US want is to somehow have a control over the region or at least being constantly reported about what is happening in those neighboring countries. The example shows how a geographical position of one country could become this attractive, for another country that is a world power, and leads to create and maintain a rel ation just to explore around him. Nowadays it still being important the geography in the international relations but, for many people, has took a secondary position in order of relevance, this is because of the globalization, with developing of technology, the media communication and the many cheap and fast means of transport, the hold world is constantly connected and easily what happens in one place has consequences in another extreme of the world. So, is not necessary to being neighboring countries to attack or to have influence over a region or country. Can be said that the affirmation made in the last paragraph is truth but has a critic and is that spite that the economies are highly developed, somewhere almost everything can be produce or invented and the transportation is not a problem anymore; there are some resources that are vital for a society to exist but that are scarce resources and the real fight will come when countries begin to use the force or the military force to obtain those scarce resources. Those are water and oil, but the last one is the one about the countries are already concern, everywhere there is people trying to find a complete substitute of this and there are many advances on it but oil continue having its key importance. Everybody would think that maybe the coming war is going to be in Europe again or maybe Asia but it is not, this war will be in the Middle East exactly where are placed Iraq, Iran and Syria. All this is because between those countries they have the 55% of the world ´Ã‚  [3]  s oil res erves. Finally, can be said that the geography is not a physical study but also gets involves in the human activities and interactions, also is related to the international relations being more specific, is related to the foreign policy of a country, this is because when an issue about distribution (resources, land, space, sea) emergence every single country need to establish their position and an idea of how are they going to act when facing the issue. When the geopolitics appeared, there were some events that mark the way it was going to be studied and how would be that study based on. Those events are the definition of nations-states (territory, population and sovereignty), the II industrial revolution that made countries to see the need of interdependence they should create and have, to develop the production and the new definition in that time, the economies of scale. The third factor that influence the study of the geopolitics is the liberalism and the socialism that are theories about the best polities to be applied on a state. Another important argument that supports the affirmation was the historical approach, because there plenty of evidence that shows that we are not alone and is needed to interact with other countries and organizations in order to get an improvement or to decrease a threat. Well, States are interconnected, and is important to keep a peaceful relation to maintain a world order and stability in the international level. When a problem is being studied, it is vital to go to a Geographic map to understand which could be the geographical factors that influence in the develop of the problem or also doing this, can be conclude that the problem is a totally about a geographical factor. Also many people involve in the geopolitics believes that the international relation just talks about who can do what to whom  [4]   and this would not to be answer without taking into account many other science but from all of it, the most determinant is the geography.

Ubiquitous Man :: science

Ubiquitous Man A glance over the world from the point of view of a Science Fiction Writer who assumes that Time is waved to all directions Motto: The only thing you have really got is what you are and it is on you forever. Mihaela Bufnila ASSUMPTIONS If God had died what would be the use of beautiful language and why would â€Å"beautiful† exist or function anymore deep down the oceans? If I multiply and metamorphose into a cloud of spots under the pressure of magnetic fields, will I be able to enlarge my informational surface? The supreme miracle stands for the way in which an assembly of points realizes it is an assembly of points. The Ubiquitous Man seems to be the man of all times shaped into the body of contemporary Time. If this is not true, then I may be wrong when reporting myself to reality, and I have no other choice but accepting the generalized and the generalizing fiction according to which I don’t even exist and, thus, I cannot witness myself. This means that, as I am only contents, I couldn’t possibly build my exteriority from where to fully spy myself while plunging into the pleasure of the principle of multiple of one. The Ubiquitous Man seems to be caught between the history jaws, on the verge of being smashed by his own sins, by his own fictions, or by the crowds waving like a roaring ocean, or by revolutions and wars or by impersonal administrative acts or by nature hardships – which is not a proper nature anymore. As a universal construction, the Ubiquitous Man doesn’t seem to be built by addition, the idea of a flowing time is seemingly. The time seems rather waved; the ubiquity gives the impression of the wave that†¦ And look! You can see it before our visible horizon, now up, under the consciousness reflector, then vanished down the ocean full of universes, to the sailor’s anxiety. The Ubiquitous Man seems to be the man you feel close to you, resembling you, a sailor through the meaningful or meaningless storms, self-sufficient. Often, the Ubiquitous Man ends up by being ridiculous, tragic or anecdotic. It is like, being upset that his predecessors are not sharing his attempts, he punishes them by exterminating them together with him, and this is his way of perceiving the finite. Frequently, the Ubiquitous Man, a fragmented creature, cannot understand, cannot comprise all, cannot find out the meaning of things and then, he is expelled from the sailing registrar in one movement.

Jebel Ali

Hatem Abou-Reeda JEBEL ALI RESEARCH Jebel Ali is a port town located 35 kilometers southwest of the city of Dubai in the United Arab Emirates. The village has a thriving expatriate community with over 300 residents. Port Jebel Ali was constructed in the late 1970s to supplement the facilities at Port Rashid. The village of Jebel Ali was constructed for port workers. Covering over 134 square kilometers (52 sq mi), Port Jebel Ali is the biggest man-made harbor in the world and the biggest Middle East port.Port Jebel Ali covers over one million square meters of container yard. It also contains space for medium- and long-term general cargo storage, including seven Dutch barns with a total of almost 19 thousand square meters and 12 covered sheds covering with 90. 5 square meters. Port Jebel Ali also consists of 960 thousand square meters of open storage. Jebel Ali is home to over five thousand companies from 120 countries of the world . With 67 berths. Jebel Ali Port was ranked 7th in the world’s largest ports in 2007.Jebel Ali port is managed by state-owned Dubai Ports World. Jebel Ali Port have been ranked as 9th in Top Container Port Worldwide having handled 7. 62 million TEUs in 2005, which represents a 19% increase in throughput, over 2004. The expansion of Jebel Ali port commenced in 2001, which is the master plan of the port. The stage one was completed in 2007, which has increased the storage and handling capacity by 2. 2 million TEUs and a Quay length of 1,200m. The entire project includes 2. kilometers of new berths. The Palm Jebel Ali is an artificial archipelago in Dubai, United Arab Emirates which began construction in October 2002, was originally planned to be completed by mid 2008 and has been on hold since. The port of Jebel Ali has become the port most frequently visited by ships of the United States Navy outside the United States. USS Ronald Reagan In port Jebel Ali. Emma Maersk was the largest cargo ship ever built berthed in Jebel Ali. Jeb el Ali Terminal 2.

High availability Essay

In the advent of the computer age, the growth of the internet has also necessitated the development of technologies that are not only able to cope with the demands of users but also within the limitations of current hardware. With multitasking having evolved into the norm, the availability of media and applications online has made it increasingly important to provide  high availability (Marcus 2003). The mission-critical applications that have surfaced on the internet have placed added pressure to make sure that highly available services are always ready. As such, this brief discourse will attempt to discuss the current state of high availability technology as well as any recent trends or variations that have surfaced. High Availability, as the term suggests, refers to systems or instruments in information technology that are not only continuously available but also continuously operational for long periods of time (Marcus 2003). The term availability is used to refer to the access that the users or members of user community have to the system. This type of access or ability can include anything from uploading files, to changing entries, updating works or even just scanning previous works (Marcus 2003). The failure to access the system results in downtime or unavailability. An example of this would be the manner by which community users like to be able to use Facebook to chat, watch videos, update links and upload pictures all at the same time. With a network that has Low Availability, the users will occasionally experience failures with regard to logging in or accessing different functions of the website because of the necessary downtime for system updating and maintenance (Ulrick 2010). This downtime can be prejudicial for a website or an internet application because it reduces the desirability of the technology. With the pressure on to provide complete and persistent accessibility, companies have tried to achieve the optimum â€Å"100% operational† or â€Å"never failing† Availability Status . One way of providing almost constant availability (High Availability) is by creating clusters. These computer systems or networks consist of several pieces that act as back-ups or failover processing mechanism that store data and allow for access. This includes the Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID) or the Storage Area Network (SAN), which are used as back up storage devices to ensure constant availability (Marcus 2003). These systems, however, are constantly evolving and changing depending on the technology that is available and developed such as systems that have solid membership administration, consistent group communication sub-systems, quoram sub-systems, and even concurrent control sub-systems, among others. By creating a clustered computer system or network, backups are created in the form of redundancies for both hardware and software. This is achieved by forming or grouping several independent nodes with each of them simultaneously running a copy of the operating system (OS) and the application software (Marcus 2003). Whenever there is a failure in any of the nodes or when daemon failures occur, the system can quickly be reconfigured and the existing workload is then passed on to the other available or functional nodes within the cluster. Thus, there is always, theoretically, one system that is available and running to handle the services and access for the user community. It was reported in 1996 that the lost revenue and productivity due to downtime amounted to over US$ 4. 54 billion for American businesses alone (IBM 1998). As such, High availability has been consistently upgrading and evolving to be able to address this issue. The recent development include the creation of High Availability Clusters (HA Clusters or Failover Clusters). The concept of this is that it provides greater High Availability by operating several computer clusters at the same time. While this applies the same concept as High Availability, it attempts to create several failover systems and clusters that cater to this. It does, however, retain the same concept of constant monitoring to make sure that the systems are running as programmed and as planned. Recent research in this field has shown that there is also a diminishing return principle that can be applied. Up until recently, it was thought that by creating an expansive network and creating several clusters, the availability could be increased proportionally. However, there are findings that show that High Availability decreases when there are more components that are added to the system. This means that instead of improving the process it is instead undermined by the installation of additional components. The reason for this, according to Chee-Wei Ang, is that the more complex a system the more potential failures arise (Ang 2007). Since there are more systems to monitor, it becomes more difficult to point out exactly where the problem is. This can be compared to a complicated plumbing system wherein it becomes difficult to find the source of the leak. Though it has been argued by experts that a number of highly available systems utilize a simple design architecture which features high quality multipurpose systems. Yet even with this, it cannot ignore the basic fact that theses systems still require constant upgrading, patching and maintenance. The recent developments in this field include the creation of more advanced systems designs that streamline and facilitate the maintenance of systems without the need for compromising the availability. This has been achieved by doing load balancing and more advanced failover techniques. It is admitted, however, that while there are several developments, like all hardware devices these systems are also prone to human error and typical wear and tear which cannot be avoided though their effects can be mitigated by the introduction of more effective and efficient means.